Thursday, October 31, 2019

IT functions Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

IT functions - Research Paper Example Firstly, outsourcing controls operating costs such as management oversight, health insurance, retirement plans and employment taxes costs that the company would incur if were to employ IT experts and other workers for IT department. Secondly, outsourcing enables the company to focus its competencies of on the core business activities; apparently, information technology is not a core activity for most organizations. An organization may also outsource due to lack to of competent human resources that can manage its information technology needs. The need to outsource may also be triggered by the organization’s need to free internal human resources for other purposes for which they are experts instead of engaging them in IT functions where their competencies may be low. An organization may also outsource information technology services in order to gain exceptional capabilities from IT specialists. Finally, the company will choose to outsource in order to retain capital funds for capital investment projects. On the other hand, the organization will consider not outsourcing information technology services due to factors such as internal availability of human resources that are skilled to manage IT services. Further, if the company has surplus funds such that all viable investment projects have been adequately financed, the excess funds may be directed to IT development. Outsourcing poses a number of risks that firms should consider when deciding whether outsourcing the IT function is the best decision. Outsourcing creates dependence of the organization on the Information technology services provider. The outsourcing organization might experience adjusting problems when the outsourcing contract ends. In addition, the organization may not have the capacity to develop its own IT infrastructure as soon as the outsourcing contract ends and the results of this inability may be adverse to its operating activities. By outsourcing, the firm loses control over several

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Improving Carbon Dioxide Solubility in Ionic Liquids Essay Example for Free

Improving Carbon Dioxide Solubility in Ionic Liquids Essay Previously we showed that CO2 could be used to extract organic molecules from ionic liquids without contamination of the ionic liquid. Consequently a number of other groups demonstrated that ionic liquid/CO2 biphasic systems could be used for homogeneously catalyzed reactions. Large differences in the solubility of various gases in ionic liquids present the possibility of using them for gas separations. More recently we and others have shown that the presence of CO2 increases the solubility of other gases that are poorly soluble in the ionic liquid phase. Therefore, a knowledge and understanding of the phase behavior of these ionic liquid/ CO2 systems is important. With the aim of finding ionic liquids that improve CO2 solubility and gaining more information to help us understand how to design CO2-philic ionic liquids, we present the low- and high-pressure measurements of CO2 solubility in a range of ionic liquids possessing structures likely to increase the solubility of CO2. We examined the CO2 solubility in a number of ionic liquids with systematic increases in fluorination. We also studied nonfluorinated ionic liquids that have structural features known to improve CO2 solubility in other compounds such as polymers, for example, carbonyl groups and long alkyl chains with branching or ether linkages. Results show that ionic liquids containing increased fluoroalkyl chains on either the cation or anion do improve CO2 solubility when compared to less fluorinated ionic liquids previously studied. It was also found that it was possible to obtain similar, high levels of CO2 solubility in nonfluorous ionic liquids. In agreement with our previous results, we found that the anion frequently plays a key role in determining CO2 solubility in ionic liquids. Introduction The phase behavior of CO2 with ionic liquids (ILs) is important for the development of several potential IL applications. Since we first showed that CO2 was soluble in ILs and could be used to extract organic solutes,1-3 IL/CO2 systems have been demonstrated for various catalytic reactions.4-17 In some cases, CO2 is used to extract the product from the IL, leaving behind the catalyst and the IL for reuse. Others have adopted IL/CO2 continuous flow systems, where CO2 is used to deliver the substrates to the IL/catalyst phase and extract the products. Recently we also confirmed that CO2 could increase the solubility of gases normally not very soluble on their own in ILs.18 We found that the solubility of CH4 and O2 increased in ILs even at low partial pressures of CO2. Others studying the enantioselective hydrogenation of imines using a cationic iridium catalyst in an IL/CO2 biphasic system found that the catalyst performance was increased dramatically in the IL when CO2pressure was added.19 High-pressure NMR showed that the addition of CO2 increased the amount of H2 dissolved in the IL. The authors believed that the catalyst, which was known to be sensitive to H2 availability, could operate more effectively due to an increase in H2 concentration in the IL along with a decrease in viscosity of the IL with added CO2. Another * Corresponding author. Telephone: (574) 631-5847. Fax: (574) 6318366. E-mail: [emailprotected] †  Current address: EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K. E-mail: [emailprotected] †¡ Current address: Intermediates RD, Invista S.a.r.l, Sabine River Laboratory B568, P. O. Box 1003, Orange, TX 77631-1003. potential application of ILs that several research groups along with our group have examined is the separation of CO2 from gas mixtures.20-22 To design and optimize processes using ILs, it is essential that we understand the important factors that determine CO2 solubility. It is possible to design many potential ILs; therefore, the systematic study of different cation/anion combinations will allow us to decipher the key properties in making CO2-philic ILs. To date we have studied the solubility of CO2 in a range ofcommonly used ILs.2,23-29 We found that there were a number of factors that controlled the CO2 solubility in the chosen ILs, both cation and anion related.26 Of the ionic liquids studied, the anion played the biggest role in CO2 solubility, a fact that was supported by a recent X-ray diffraction study by Kanakubo et al.30 Anions that contain fluoroalkyl groups were found to have some of the highest CO2 solubilities, and as the quantity of fluoroalkyl groups increased, the CO2 solubility also increased. The previous studies showed CO2 solubility for 1-butyl3-methylimidazolium ([bmim]+) based ILs at 60  °C increased in the order nitrate ([NO3]-) tetrafluoroborate ([BF4]-) dicyanamide ([DCA]-) ? hexafluorophosphate ([PF6]-) ? trifluoromethanesulfonate ([TfO]-) bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide ([Tf2N]-) tris(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methide ([methide]-). For the cations, there were two factors thatinfluenced the CO2 solub ility. The biggest effect was seen in increasing alkyl chain length on the cation. For a given cation, the CO2 solubility increased with increasing chain length, and these results are consistent with those reported elsewhere.31-35

Saturday, October 26, 2019

Enterprise Project Management

Enterprise Project Management 1. Describe the metrics and characteristics of projects using a specific example. When you focus on creating something new and unique temporary with definitive start dates and end dates. it means that you are working on project .you can say your project is completed when you reach the goals and objectives that define before by stakeholders. Sometimes you cannot achieve to the goals or result of the projects is no longer useful and the project is canceled. Let me bring one example and explain all characteristics of the project .For example you are working in a clothing factory, you receive an order from school for design special uniform for students now you will ask yourself is it project? The first question is about uniqueness? yes ,it is new because you design something different . what about limit time? Yes, you have a short time to hand in your order exactly before the school starts and when you ship your order, the project will be completed and you will achieve the goal when the manager and students become happy by seeing clothes and always remember A successf ul project is one that meets the expectations of your stakeholders. PROJECT METRIC What is metric? Metric is a standard measurement .It will help you to check your project base on efficiently on performance and progress ,productivity,. By using metric you can improve the ability of making decision in your organization and you can understand your situation and asking yourself which way is working within the organization and apply the guide and go forward to right direction. Project management metrics can help Project managers to: Understand your situation in terms of schedule, cost and profitability. Be aware of risks Overcome problems before becoming serious Keep an eye on project profitability Estimate the performance of your team Evaluate your work product base on quality Complexity and nature of each project can create different project management metric. We have five group of metric performance .These five attitude can cover all aspect of project in execution process. 1. Cost variance The purpose of this metric is to measure projects progress and performance against signed baselines. By using this method, in a certain point of time, we can conclude the expected cost and duration of the project. Planned Value (PV): is about how much you planned to spend for the planned work. PV at any period = (Planned % Complete) X (BAC) Earned Value (EV): how much you planned to spend for the work you actually did. Actual cost (AC): Actual cost is the exact cost that happened during the project to complete or in WBS process and the cost was recorded. . Schedule Variance (SV):by this method we will measure our project schedule performance. The difference of Earned value and the planned value SV = Earned value- Planned value If you get Positive answer. It means that you are ahead of your schedule. If you get Negative answer. It means that you are behind your schedule. Cost Variance (CV): is the measure of cost performance on the project. earned value (EV) deduct from actual costs (AC).if you get negative CV .It means is too hard to recover to the project. CV = Earned value Actual cost 2. Effective use of resources To measure how we use our resources base on productivity Utilization% = Total Effort spent by resource/Total Budgeted Effort for the resource 3. Change requests to Scope of work. For the whole project we use the sign scope by customer , so if any change happen to the sign scope should happen in controlled way. 4.Quality of project and meet customer needs As you can see quality is a very import factor and quality control will happen during the life cycle if we detect defects in latest stage it will affect more .we have several defects such as Defect density = Total number of defects found/ Measure of size and defects age(Number of days since the defect is open and not fixed) and Defect resolution rate = Total number of defects resolved/ Total effort spent and Number of defects reported by customer. 5: Gross Margin Shortest way to understand if your business in on correct track or not and be aware of situation to put in place margin improvement initiatives. 2. Explain the differences between project, program, and portfolio management? Let me explain the differences of them by graph and example Project program portfolio Project will create product or service for example developing software and process will create result Imagine we want to develop a software for managing our document we will consider this work as a project then assume that we want to improve our documents management in other words access in a faster, better way to documents this work is program because we focus on result not product. What about portfolio when we improved our access in documents management this result will bring benefit such as decreasing in current liability or increase companys credit we will consider this benefit as portfolio. In summary: programs are group of related projects, we will apply similar techniques. Sometimes programs involve aspects of ongoing operations.Portfoliosare collections of programs, sub portfolios, operations, and projects that support strategic business goals or objectives Programs and projects within a portfolio are not necessarily related to one another in a direct way. 3. Describe how processes relate to process groups and knowledge areas in the PMBOK Guide. Provide a specific example of a process that we covered in one of the first 6 chapters of the book? There are five Process Groups: Initiating Define goals/specifications Planning Plan the project Executing Schedule the project Monitoring Controlling Manage the project Closing Finish the project We have ten knowledge areas 1. integration 2.Scope 3.time 4.cost 5.quality 6.HR 7. Communications 8 risk 9 .Procurement 10.stakeholders Ten knowledge areas: Knowledge Areas are used on most projects most of the time. It is up to the project management team to define the appropriate depth of implementation for each project. We have 44 process the relationship between five process group and ten knowledge .summarize in following table Now let me give you an example to clarify the connection between project management and knowledge area . For example: imagine you are a project manager working on project team for a software instruction project. The six factors that you have to calculate in project management software are as fallows : 1.Task duration 2.start time 3.finish time 4.precedence relationship 5.resources 6.unit allocation For example: we go through following process to finish the project 1.In the first step of the project ,which includes approving and developing the project charter. 2.In the second step make the project management plan which help you to cover several project activity 3.Third step accomplish the project and it is the step that actual work and time happened . 4. This step is controlling and monitoring the project 5.In the last step , we finish the project. Knowledge areas are separated to keep the same type of accomplishment set in one group. For example you are developing and planning process of the plan for your project. In this process ,to compute the budget you will use two processes: calculate costs and determine budget. 4. Describe the purpose and contents of a project charter? Project charter can be very powerful tool because it will give you proper visibility , because it will inform you exactly the roles and responsibilities and put the project in the way of the strategic goals and objectives of the organization. The Project Charter will sign by project sponsor so that the Project Manager is given clear authority by the one sponsor.. According to the (PMBOK), a Project Charter results from one of the following needs, or business requirements: 1)Demand of market 2)Need of business 3)Request from customer 4)Advance in technology 5)Social need 6)A legal requirement Let me bring one example and explain the contents of project charter imagine we want to renovate a hotel what will be in project charter first The purpose for the project through a description of the business needs that the project is going fulfill then we will explain about background and then about high level project approach in this case the project will be divide to two phase first renovation and construction (about 9month) and then re-opening (about 12 month) and then we will clarify business goal for example in this case we have two goals restore the property to profitability and Disassociate the hotel from its previously tarnished image and then what is project goals for example Complete renovation of the hotel onetime . A project charter can be as short as 1 page, and as long as 200 pages. Writing too much detail in early stages is difficult, as too much detail may not even be available. 5. Describe three classic business level strategies. What is the relationship between business level strategy and project selection? Porter (1980) claimed that there are three generic strategies: 1)cost leadership2)differentiation and focus. Cost leadership: It inform us organization fallowing a cost leadership strategy in order to access competitive advantage and enhance their share in a market by using low cost producers. Differentiation: Organizations fallowing differentiation method in order to satisfies the desires of their customers This differentiation let the organization to charge more. Best-cost: many researchers believe that a combination of strategies could be the best approach. As a result you can create a sustainable competitive advantage in your organizations and it can effect on your efficiently ,when you combine cost leadership and differentiation, when they provide low-cost products and address customer values . Multiple competing projects, limited skilled resources, dispersed virtual teams, time to market pressures, and limited capital serve as forces for the emergence of project portfolio management that provides the infrastructure for managing multiple projects and linking business strategy with project selection. Many business man belief that connecting project management with business strategy can significantly enhance the achievement of organizational goals, strategies, and performance. We have mathematic model that can help us to choose better project for investment. Cost-Benefit Analysis Comparing the cost of production or services with the benefit Scoring Models According your priority you will allocate weight to the criteria then you will decide which one is more suitable for you. Cash Flow Analysis Techniques 1.1 Payback Period The length of time will take you recoup your initial investment. 1.2 Discounted Cash Flows The amount of money you invest now in future what will be your value of your money FV = PV(1 + I)n 1.3 Net Present Value value of future monies received into todays dollars 1.4 Internal Rate of Return projects with higher IRR values are generally considered better than projects with low IRR values. 6.Describe the purpose and contents of a project management plan? The purpose of project management is to tell you how you manage well execution and monitoring and controlling and closing process in your project and will describe how documents the processes you apply during project . The first process you have to do in planning process group is project management plan ,actually this process base on knowledge area focus mostly on defining and preparing ,coordinating , and connect all the various subsidiary project plan into overall project plan.as we know for creating document the plan we need to collect input .Project charter, output from other process ,Enterprise environment factors and organization process asset are input of project management plan. From chapter one we know the meaning of tailoring in project management we use tailoring to determine which processes to apply to best manage the project. Project charter:as we know the charter will tell you about goals of project and the requirements need to get satisfaction from stakeholder. Charter is an input for project management plan why? Because we use the information in charter such as project objective , milestone schedule, requirements, summery of budget for determining which project management processes to use . Output from others processes :project management processes include all individual processes that create the process group. Enterprise Environmental factors: you have to consider some element when you choose processes to perform project .standard ,company culture and organization structure ,personal administration are elements. Organization process asset: some critical elements you should pay attention during choosing processes are plan template, change control procedures, performance measurement criteria, historical information, standards, procedures also you should consider about change control processes I mean your organization has existing change control processes in place ,about templates or financial control .You can use historical data and organization past project in order to decide which process is more suitable for the project . Documenting the project management plan for each processes we do we need output .output usually present in a shape of report or document .in this case you end up with document the project management plan explain about integration, coordinated and subsidiary plans for the processes you apply for the project. According to PMBOK the subsidiary are: 1) scope management plan2)Requirements management plan 3)schedule management plan 4)cost management plan 4)quality management plan 5)communication managements plan 6)risk management plan 7)procurement management plan 8)processes improvement plan 9)human resource plan 10)Stakeholder management plan. Actually it not easy to finalize some of these subsidiary plans without thinking or doing processes they are associated with first we should remember updates should occur to the project management plans as subsidiary plans are created or changed. 7.  Describe the purpose and contents of a work breakdown structure? The purpose of WBS is decompose and break complex activities in smaller components. this is important for the project manager because ,they can see the tasks more effectively than the complex activities. The purpose of developing a WBS and WBS Dictionary are :1)It can help project team to plan logically and complete the project 2) It will help to gather documents and information about work that needs for doing the project 3) some activities are so complex WBS can cause these activities become organize and manageable so we can achieve project objectives. The WBS and WBS Dictionary are not the schedule, but rather the building blocks to it. The progression of WBS and WBS Dictionary development is as follows: The contents of WBS are scope management plan, project scope statement , requirements documentation, Enterprise Environment Factors, Organizational Process Assets. WBS include some items, those items are approved through scope statement should detail the full scope of work needed to complete. Breaking down can help us to estimate project cost and time and allocating resources, determining quality control. We need two tools for create WBS process 1)decomposition 2)expert judgment Decomposition :is involves breaking down the deliverables into smaller The first level of decomposition is the major deliverable level or subproject level, the second level of decomposition is a further elaboration of the deliverables. Decomposition will occur in five process 1)Identify the deliverables and work 2)Organize the WBS 3)Decompose the WBS components into lower -level4) Assign identification codes.5)Verify the WBS WBS levels: Project manager will determine the number of levels of WBS base on complexity of the project .In a WBS, every level item has a unique assigned number so that work can be identified and tracked over time. A WBS may have varying numbers of decomposition levels, but there is a general scheme for how to number each level so that tasks are uniquely numbered and correctly summarized. Below is the general convention for how tasks are decomposed: Level 1 Designated by 1.0. This level is the top level of the WBS and is usually the project name. All other levels are subordinate to this level. Level 2 Designated by 1.X (e.g., 1.1, 1.2). This level is the summary level. Level 3 Designated by 1.X.X (e.g., 1.1.1, 1.1.2). This third level comprises the subcomponents to each level 2 summary element. This effort continues down until progressively subordinate levels are assigned for all work required for the entire project. 8.Describe the purpose and contents of a project schedule Scheduling will tell us how to finish in a certain time usually with defined stages, and defined resources. schedule can help us to calculate cost, set expectations plans and coordinate track and report. The schedule shows where you are along the road to done, how much work is left to be accomplished, how much has been accomplished, who is doing this future work, what they are delivering, and when they plan to deliver it. How to make schedule : Step One: Define Activities The goal of the activity definition step is to identify all the tasks required to accomplish the product. In level 3 of WBS(data base) create tables and populates tables. Step Two: Sequence Activities 1) Do I have anytime to constraint? 2) What is the relationship between activities? 3) Which activity can be done in parallel? Step Three: Estimate Activity Resources Step four: Estimate activity duration 1) Which is the sequence? 1)what is the level of skill of each resource assigned 2) Which are my restrictions (cost/time)? 2)To finalized each activity do we need 3) For each activity who do I need? Step five: develop schedule: 9) Describe the purpose and contents of a project budget? The purposes of budgeting are for resource allocate resources, planning, coordination, control and motivation. It is also a vital tool for decision making method and monitoring business performance and forecasting income and expenditure. With proper budgeting, limited resources are managed efficiently. Input for determined budget : Cost Management Plan: It will show us how we can develop , manage , controlled project costs during project. Scope Baseline: Scope baseline includes the project scope statement, the WBS, and the WBS dictionary. The scope escribes the constraints of the project you should consider when developing the budget Basis of Estimates: It will cover all detail about estimate such as indirect costs. Project schedule: Project schedule will give you helpful information about start and end dates , milestones and by these information yon determine budget expenditures . Resource Calendars:Resource calendars will help you define costs in calendar periods and over the length of the project .They help you to what resources you need. Risk Register: Before preparing budget you should consider list of risk that could happen during the projects. Specially risks with high impact or high probability they could add cost to the project. Agreements : all cost information such as buying product , services, Organizational Process Assets will assist you with the work of this process include cost budgeting tools, the policies and procedures your organization (or PMO) may have regarding budgeting exercises. Budget Process Outputs: 1) Cost baseline 2) Project funding requirements 3) Project documents updates Weve covered the project documents updates in other processes. For Determine Budget, you may need to update the risk register, cost estimates, and/or the project schedule. 10. Describe the concepts of probability and impact in risk analysis using a specific example Analysis Risk When the risk identified, the next step is risk analysis. By using risk analysis, we can transform the identified risks into decision-making information. As a result , each risk is considered and a judgment made about the probability and the seriousness of the risk. For each risk, the team must do the following: 1) Assess the probability of a loss occurring. Some risks are very likely to happen and in the other hand some are very unlikely. Apply a scale that can reflects the perceived likelihood of a risk. Depending upon the degree of detail desired and/or possible, the scale can be numeric, based on a percentage scale, such as 10 percent likely to lose a key team. Team should apply a set numerical probability for each qualitative value (e.g. very improbable= 10 percent, improbable = 25 percent) 2) Assess the impact of the loss if the loss were to happen. Then we can estimate the result of risk Impact possibility Trivial Minor Moderate Major Extreme Rare Low Low Low Medium Medium Un likely Low Low Medium Medium Medium Moderate Low Medium Medium Medium High Likely Medium Medium Medium High High Very likely Medium Medium High High High Risk management is a very important function in todays business world. A probability impact matrix is one of the management tools to evaluate risks in terms of their probability and extent of their impact. In addition, it is a useful framework to decide which risk requires more attention in an organization. The inputs in the probability chart are derived from risk assessment form. So, it can be said the process of making this chart is simple. Probability chart is a table shaped form which incorporates various colors to indicate the probability and impacts of various risks. It has categorized risks into four groups as extreme, high risk, medium and low risk. The detailed explanation of these risks are given below: Extreme: These risks are marked with R (red color) in the chart and considered as high priority of importance. Company should give close attention and take early steps to eliminate this kind of risks completely. High risk: These kind of risks also require immediate actions or risk management strategies. In the probability impact matrix, these are characterized as H symbol and highlighted in the pink cells. If it is not possible to act immediately to reduce these risks then strict time line should be made to avoid the adverse effects produced from these risks. Medium: These risks are denoted by the first letter of medium M and marked in the orange cells. As the name suggested, these kind of risks are characterized middle in the scale of importance. Company dont have to resolve medium risk immediately like extreme and high risk categories. Smart thinking, logical planning these strategies work best to reduce medium risk in an effective manner. Low risk: These kind of risks are marked as L and placed in the green cells in the probability impact matrix. Low risks require less attention compared to other categories and can be ignored without having any adverse effect. But company can implement any available controlling mechanism to reduce low risk. the risk exposure can be calculated. Risk exposure is calculated as follows Risk Exposure (RE) = P ÃÆ'- C EXAMPLE: Imagine furniture factory Rank Risk Probability Impact Risk exp Action 1. Delay in shipment 50% $ 1000 $ 5000 Weekly status meeting 2 Requirements changes 40% $ 7000 $ 2800 Bi-weekly deliverables. 3. Aggressive performance requirements 30% $ 9000 $2700 Prototyping, performance testing

Friday, October 25, 2019

Japans Post War Economic Journey Essay -- Japanese History

On August 6th, 1945, America dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan. Three days later on August 9th, a second was dropped on Nagasaki. This effectively was the definitive end to World War II. The catastrophic damage caused by this vulgar display of power killed over 100,000 people in Hiroshima alone and left both cities as practically nothing more than radioactive ash. The unimaginable destruction caused by these attacks had obvious economic repercussions. Japan was a closed country that upheld a strict policy of isolationism. For nearly 300 years under the Tokugawa regime the country's population was not permitted to leave and foreigners were not welcomed upon its shore. There were instances when Europeans are known to have been on the archipelago, such as weapons dealers and religious missionaries, but these unwelcomed visitors usually met their demise at the end of a samurai's blade. The country was vehemently against any type of outside influence that could permeate and alter the traditional values and way of life the proud nation's occupants held so dearly to their culture. Any embracement of western ideals or beliefs was seen as an inexcusable betrayal of the very fabric of their national identity. This began to unravel however in 1686 with the Meiji Restoration, and the inevitable opening of ports along the eastern coast for trade with Americans that was brought about by the persistence of the American naval office, Commodore Matthew Perry. The cultural traditionalism was still intact to a large extent nearly 80 years later when the two of their cities were decimated by bombs dropped by the very foreigners who forced open their country with military intimidation. The subsequent US occupation that followed and their ... .... Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. Frost, P. (2003). Postwar japan, 1952-1989. New York, NY: About Japan: A Teacher's Resource. Retrieved from http://aboutjapan.japansociety.org/content.cfm/postwar_japan_1952-1989 Johnson, R. (2005). Six men who built the modern auto industry. Motorbooks. Katsu, K., & Craig, T. (1991). Musui's story, the autobiography of a tokugawa samurai. Univ of Arizona Pr. Nakata, Y., & Mosk, C. The demand for college education in post war japan. University of Alabama. Retrieved from http://www.cba.ua.edu/assets/docs/efl/WP_114.pdf Murata, S., & Stern, S. "Technology Education in Japan." Journal of Technology Education. Fall 1993. Web. 30 Mar. 2012. . "Sony History" Retrieved from http://web.archive.org/web/20061128064313/http://www.sony.net/Fun/SH/1-1/h2.html

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Education as Most Important Factor in Developing Country

Education is the single most important factor in the development of a country. Do you agree? What is actual value of education today? Nowadays, when our world is constantly developing in the area of economics, and other fields there’s  a strong growing need in experienced and talented people  who will be able to make significant contribution in the economy of the country’s life. Thus, it is important to say that  education plays a significant role in the development process of countries.To answer on my question, firstly I would like to point the importance of education. In real life, people can live without education but education is the quickest and surest way to help people improve their knowledge and to gain experiences. Basic education provides people with a greater understanding of basic daily information about life as well as of their own potential. Higher education  is not obligatory for young people. Thus, it means that they have only their experience to learn from.But those people who are longing for obtaining high positions in the society are required to have good knowledge basis. How can education improve development of country? A country with a strong educational system can more definitely develop in the future. In developing countries, improving people's knowledge is very important because their attitude can be influenced by the development of the country. There's a famous saying â€Å"If you give a man a fish you feed him for a day, if you teach the man to fish you feed him for a lifetime†.Education is long term investment. Maybe we will not be able to see the results imediately, but it is essential to ensure growth and prosperity. Also it is important to put quality before quantity – the goal must be for all education programmes to be of the highest quality, with the number of places tailored to the needs of the labour market. It is not the quantity of graduates that determines our competitiveness, but the qual ity of our programmes from an international perspective.With a good educational system, people can study easily, they can understand the newest technology, and then they can improve their lives. However, even with good educational system in one country, problem may arise. It is so called â€Å"brain drain†. It is defined as the loss of skilled intellectual and technical labor through the movement of such labor to more favorable geographic, economic, or professional environments. Individuals that are educated in developing country may move to the developed countries such as USA, England, and countinue their lifes there.In this case, education cannot bring any good for country where young people are more concerned about their own prosperity than prosperity of their native country. Although there are a lot of other factors that are of huge importance for growth of one country, I agree that education is the single most important development in the country. Of course, every person possesses good qualities along with bad ones, but  higher education gives us an opportunity  to develop our better sides by providing our society with members, whose aim is to contribute to the country’s development.

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

How to Boost Engagement with Micro-Influencers the Right Way

How to Boost Engagement with Micro-Influencers the Right Way Every brand strives to drive engagement because without engagement, there may be no conversions. This makes your engagement rates an important metric for determining your brand’s performance. But if you’re having some trouble engaging your target audience, you could get micro-influencers involved. That’s because micro-influencers tend to generate high engagement rates, and may even be more engaging  than top influencers. In this post, you’re going to learn all about these micro-influencers, and how you can work with them to drive engagement. Download Your Free Micro-influencer Outreach Templates Successful marketing with micro-influencers requires smart preparartion and outreach. Use these three free templates to simplify the process: 10 free influencer email outreach templates: Save time writing while keeping your outreach personalized and effective. Micro-influencer marketing checklist: Make sure you dont miss any steps in your process. Micro-influencer outreach tracking template: Keep track of who youve contacted and monitor your success rate. How to Boost Engagement with Micro-Influencers the Right WayWhat are Micro-Influencers? As their name suggests, micro-influencers are individuals who are influential, but not on a macro level. Their influence is often concentrated within a specific niche – be it beauty, fitness, tech, fashion, or lifestyle. The common definition of micro-influencers is influencers with a smaller number of followers than regular influencers. But there is no exact definition of what that number is. Mavrck  considers individuals with somewhere between 500 and 5,000 followers as micro-influencers. And CNBC  reports that micro-influencers are those influencers who have fewer than 10,000 followers. But according to TapInfluence, micro-influencers have anywhere from 1,000 to 100,000 followers. Despite these variations, what remains true is that micro-influencers have the ability to engage an audience. Micro-influencers have the ability to engage an audience.In fact, a Takumi  study found that engagement rate decreases as following size increases. People with 1,000 followers or fewer have an engagement rate of 9.7%. And the engagement rate of people with 1,000-4,000 followers is about 4.5%. And as the following size increases to 100,000 and over, the engagement rate drops to 1.7%. These findings are consistent with the findings in a Markerly  study. This study found that people with 1,000 followers or fewer have an average like rate of 8%, while those with 10 million followers or more generate only have about a 1.6% like rate. As for comment rate, those with 1,000 followers or fewer drive 13 times more comments than people with 10 million or more followers. How to Find Micro-Influencers in Your Industry or Niche As mentioned earlier, micro-influencers often have influence in a specific niche. So the right choice of relevant keywords could help you discover potential micro-influencers to work with. On Instagram, you can choose a relevant keyword, and use it as a hashtag to discover relevant posts made by potential micro-influencers. For example, let’s say you want to promote a line of skincare products made using all-natural ingredients. The right keywords here would be something like â€Å"organic skincare,† â€Å"organic beauty,† â€Å"organic makeup,† etc. Let’s try searching for the hashtag #organicskincare. You’ll get results of top posts that use the hashtag, as shown in the following screenshot. Then  click on each of the posts, and check out the users who have posted the photos or videos. You just need to look at the number of followers they have to see if they have less than 100,000 followers (based on the TapInfluence definition of micro-influencers). Also check if they usually post content related to what you’re selling. Let’s click on one of the posts in the search results above. As you can see in the screenshot below, the post was from a user named The Beauty Bloss. If the post has any other relevant hashtags like in the following post, make a note of them to find more micro-influencers. If you check out this user’s profile, you can see that she has around 21,900 followers, qualifying her as a micro-influencer. And her posts are all related to makeup and beauty, which is perfect for the product you’re promoting. So you can consider reaching out to this influencer. As for searches on Facebook and Twitter, manual search using a relevant keyword isn’t going to cut it. The search results will prioritize the top influencers and celebrities relevant to the keyword, making it difficult and time-consuming to identify micro-influencers. So your best bet is to use tools like: BuzzSumo Insightpool Little Bird To search for micro-influencers on these platforms, you can pick several relevant keywords. Your search will bring up results of influential figures related to those topics. For example, BuzzSumo in the screenshot below, shows a list of influencers and bloggers related to beauty and skincare. You can make a selection based on their following size, page authority, etc. Recommended Reading: How Will Outreach Marketing Make Your Blog More Successful? How to Convince a Micro-Influencer to Work with You Micro-influencer outreach is no different from regular influencer outreach. But in the case of micro-influencers, it’s likely that they will be more receptive of your outreach efforts. Here’s what you need to do to convince a micro-influencer to work with you: Begin with small interactions.  Before you start sending out emails and messages to micro-influencers, it’s better to start off with small interactions. The idea is to get them to notice you, and remember your name. Try sharing their content, commenting on their posts, or asking them relevant questions on social media. You can also try commenting on their latest blog posts. Develop a suitable compensation model.  Make sure you’re offering micro-influencers what they deserve in exchange for a promotion. Some micro-influencers may be more than happy to promote the free products you’ve sent them without any extra charge. But you shouldn’t take that for granted.Try to develop a compensation model depending on what’s most beneficial for your business. Maybe you could pay them a percentage of, or a fixed sum for every conversion. Or you could pay them for engagements and click-throughs. Some brands even pay micro-influencers a fixed sum for every post. Send them an email. Once you’ve established an initial connection through social media or the influencer’s blog, you can begin your email outreach. Your email should get straight to the point, and talk about why you wish to work with the influencer. For example, maybe their values align with yours, or you find their content intriguing. The email should also contain details like what you’re offering in return for the promotion. In other words, it should provide micro-influencers with a compelling reason why they should work with you. To make your influencer outreach easier and more effective, there are a few tools you can use: Hunter  can help you discover the email addresses of influencers. BuzzStream  can help you keep track of and manage your conversations with the influencers. Pitchbox  can help you create personalized outreach emails as well as automate your follow-ups. Recommended Reading: How to Write a Pitch Email That Will Get Your Guest Post Accepted How to Boost Engagement With Micro-Influencers Based on the Markerly and Takumi studies mentioned earlier, you already know that micro-influencers can generate a lot of engagement. You can harness their ability to engage to boost your own engagement rates. And here are some tips to help you out: #1: Honest Reviews Micro-influencers don’t beat around the bush when interacting with their followers. They get straight to the point, and are honest when expressing their opinions about something. As a result of this honesty, people trust their opinion about a product or a service. In fact, Experticity  found that 82% of consumers would follow a micro-influencer’s recommendation. You can take advantage of this established trust by getting micro-influencers to share honest reviews about your product or service. Depending on which influencers you choose to work with, you can either have them write a blog post reviewing the product, or create a review video. Or you can even get them to create a social media post reviewing the product. Regardless of the medium, the review needs to be honest. Reviews from micro-influencers need to be honest.In order to get an honest review from a micro-influencer you need to: Choose micro-influencers who often create review content, and who aren’t afraid to mention the negatives. Be very clear when communicating your expectations in your outreach email. Propose to send them free samples or exclusive previews of your product. And stress on the fact that they shouldn’t feel obligated to give a beaming review. Make sure you mention that all you expect in return for the free products is their honest opinion from an expert like them. Here’s an example of an honest review of 100% PURE serum by beauty influencer Adri (@sortofobsessed). As you can see in the caption, she talks about how she loves the feel of the product on her skin but she doesn’t like the texture. She also talks about some of the issues she faces when using the product. #2: Giveaways Giveaway campaigns are an excellent way to engage an audience. This is likely because of the possibility of them winning something. And to leverage your engagement efforts, you can get a micro-influencer to host the campaign. Here’s what you need to do to work with micro-influencers for a giveaway campaign: Determine the prize of the contest.  It should be something that would appeal to the influencer’s followers while helping promote your brand. The prize should help compel the target audience to take action. Come up with the rules for participation.  Maybe you can require them to like the influencer’s post, follow them and your brand, and tag their friends in the comments. Or maybe they simply have to submit an online form through a link promoted in the influencer’s blog. Pitch the giveaway concept to a micro-influencer in your email.  The email should highlight what’s in it for the influencer in addition to the compensation. For instance, you could talk about how this could help them boost engagement among their followers or even grow their following. Recommended Reading: How to Get More Followers on Social Media With 30 Awesome Tips You can talk to them about the rules for participation after they’ve agreed to work with you. And make sure you let them know about any important information you want them to highlight in the post promoting the contest. Based on how the influencer responds, you may have to negotiate the compensation. Food blogger Jessica, of Savory Experiments,  hosted a contest sponsored by the Mussel Industry Council of Prince Edward Island. All participants had to do was to choose their favorite recipes created using Prince Edward Island mussels. The recipes were created by various micro-influential food bloggers including Jessica. And by voting, participants got a chance to win a free trip to the island. This contest involved a giveaway of an experience as opposed to an actual product, but it’s still an effective engagement tactic nonetheless. Jessica also mentioned at the beginning of the post that she was compensated to write the post, but all opinions expressed were her own. Recommended Reading: How to Improve Your Instagram Engagement With 15 Tips How to Improve Your Pinterest Engagement With These 15 Tactics 12 Effective Ways to Expand Your Facebook Engagement #3: Tutorials and How-Tos The previously-cited Experticity study also found that people considered micro-influencers to be better than everyday consumers at explaining how products work, or how they can be used. It is for this reason that you should consider getting micro-influencers to create tutorial content around your product. If it’s a product that doesn’t require much explaining, they could still offer creative tips and ideas on what consumers can do with it. For this tactic to be more effective here’s what you need to do: Look for micro-influencers who often create tutorial content – videos, blog posts, or social media posts. You’ll basically need to check out the various pieces of content created by influencers you’ve shortlisted for your campaign. Analyze their tutorial content and determine if the quality lives up to your expectations. In other words, see if the content is both intriguing and educational. And try to look at the comments, shares, and/or likes in the content to understand how well their tutorials engage the audience. Reach out to them by email and pitch your idea. Like before, your email should highlight the benefits of working with your brand and what’s in it for the influencer. You could offer them exclusive access to the product along with a competitive compensation. Makeup and beauty influencer Tamira Jarrel  created a sponsored video for True Botanicals. In the video, she talked about some of the various products that worked for her. And she explained how to use them and what works for what. She even provided her fans with a unique discount code so they can purchase the products for less. #4: Original and Authentic Sponsored Content Every now and then you may have come across influencer content in which they promote a product. But unlike their regular content, this one seems uninteresting and maybe even too promotional. This is hardly going to do anything for brand engagement. Usually, this kind of bland and overly-promotional content happens because the brand is trying to control everything about the production. You chose micro-influencers because they can engage their audience with original and creative content. If you want your brand sponsored content too to engage the same audience, you need to provide them with something equally interesting. This means you need to trust the content creation in the hands of the influencer. Encourage them to come up with something original that blends in with their usual content. Encourage micro-influencers to come up with original content that blends with their usual content.A survey conducted by Crowdtap  found that creative freedom is highly valuable to influencers. In fact, 58% of those surveyed said that their favorite projects were those in which the brand gives them creative freedom. And 77% said that they’d be willing to work with a brand more than once if said brand provides them with creative freedom. 77% of influencers are more likely to work with brands more than once if they have creative freedom.These findings suggest that being too restrictive with your content guidelines could negatively impact your relationship with the influencer as well. So, here’s what you need to do if you plan on letting the influencer be in control of content creation: Provide them with basic guidelines such as the kind of vibe you want to give out, the important points you need them to cover, etc. This will ensure that the influencer content delivers exactly what you need. Make sure the micro-influencer understands your goals from the campaign and trust them to deliver. You need to communicate your expectations without trying to control the content creation. Be transparent about what you don’t want so the influencer knows what to exclude in the content. For instance, maybe you don’t want the content to have swear words in case you want to share it on your site. When communicating these guidelines and expectations, make sure you do so in a respectable manner. Remember the saying â€Å"it’s not what you say; it’s how you say it†. You don’t want to come off as rude or bossy when communicating with the influencer. Instead, talk to them as friends and let them know that you trust them to create something new and intriguing.

Monday, October 21, 2019

The laboratory, Porphyrias Lover and A woman to her lover Essay Example

The laboratory, Porphyrias Lover and A woman to her lover Essay Example The laboratory, Porphyrias Lover and A woman to her lover Essay The laboratory, Porphyrias Lover and A woman to her lover Essay Essay Topic: Poetry The Sound and the Fury The Laboratory to express a sense of strong imagery that represents the feeling of evil and hatred, and the other being Porphyias Lover which again consists of strong imagery but of obsession, love and control. Whereas, in A Woman to Her Lover, Christina Walsh has simply made a political statement through a free verse form; conveying the change in attitude of women during the pre Victorian era. In A woman to Her Lover We see that it is about a woman demanding conditions for her marriage to her future husband. This would seem extremely odd during this period, as women were often treated as subservient. The idea of men treating women as second rate is opposed in the first stanza. This stanza details the rejection of male dominance by a woman. Do you come to me to bend me to your will as conqueror to the vanquished. The vocabulary in this stanza highlights the strong feelings of the woman. The theme of this poem is about love and equality; we know this because of the various words used to indicate love such as: O lover. We can also tell that this is about equality as: I shall be your comrade, friend and mate, to live and work, to love and die with you. The poem follows the structure of a free verse without any constraints this further reinforces Walshs main message of equality for women. However, rather than making demands she feels that she must first ask and also tempt her lover; to stay with her. Moreover the use of the conditional tense throughout the poem makes the poem seem more like a marriage contract. Furthermore, imagery is created in this poem through metaphors: I am no doll to dress and sit for feeble worship if that be what you ask, fool, I refuse you! Her point is emphasized through the use of repetition, Do you come to me to bend me to your will. Moreover, sibilance is used such as skin soft, The repetition of the S sound creates a hissing affect as well as a sinister sibilance tone, which gives us a feeling that she doesnt want to be seen as pure or perfect. In contrast The Laboratory is also a poem renowned for its depth of meanings through the variety of linguistic devices used; in addition it also shares a similar theme of death and revenge to other poems written by Browning such as Porphyias Lover. The tone of this poem is obsession. Grind away, moisten and mash up thy paste, Pound at thy powder, I am not in haste! This just emphasizes that this woman has only one aim which is to seek revenge on her rival by killing her. We see that The Laboratory is an unusual poem whereby we see the courageous female persona is driven to revenge. This is in stark contrast to the stereotypical view of women during the 19th century, who were not expected to have a voice, in a male dominated society. Not only does she seek revenge but also wishes to punish her husband: He is sure to remember her dying face. As thou pliest thy trade in this devils-smithy, this line in the opening stanza to the poem which indicates to us that The devils smithy is a metaphor for the subject of this workshop may be poison and death. This imagery also ties in with the devils work. The structure of this poem is a regular AABB rhyme scheme; this conveys a very jolly rhythm to the poem which is ironic because the subject is quiet chilling about seeking revenge. The language on this poem is conveyed throughout the poem through the use of imperatives Take my mask off! Nay, be not morose! the use of imperatives highlight that she is in control. Furthermore, alliteration is combined with onomatopoeia, moisten and mash up thy paste. To convey a harsh tone, reflecting her revenge and determination, as she makes the poison. Porphyrias Lover, is similar to The Laboratory, In that it is also a dramatic monologue told by Porphyrias lover. The action of Porphyrias Lover commences through the telling of the events of one night- culminating in the murder of Porphyria-by the narrator of the poem. The story is not retold to an audience but seems rather to be replayed in the mind of Porphyrias lover. Browning masterfully builds up tension in the poem by gradually revealing to the reader, through details provided by the speaker, what has taken place. As it also becomes clear that the narrator is mad, it is up to the reader to decide on what extent to believe the speakers account of events. The themes of this poem are attraction, lust and death, as he is attracted to the woman but decides to kill her as he believes he has control and dominance over her, Porphyria worshiped me. From this we can see that he feels he is in command of her. The tone to this poem is negative, The rain set in early in tonight, and madness, And did its worst to vex the lake, Imagery is depicted through the use of pathetic fallacy, The sullen wind was soon awake, which matches the mood of range and anger. Metaphors such as: She shut the cold out and the storm. Makes us think she is a woman sent from heaven. The structure of this poem is ABABB; this very effectively emphasizes the inward turmoil of the speakers mind. This poem is written in a free verse form unlike The laboratory. The most chilling phrase which highlights the macabre theme of death in Porphyias Lover is; In one long yellow string I wound Three times her little throat around, and strangled her. From this we can see that the narrator casually kills his lover, whom he is attracted to; but alarmingly shows no remorse in her inhumane death. Additionally, in The Laboratory the most shocking line which focuses on the narrators deranged state of mind is, Brand, burn up, bite into its grace-He is sure to remember her dying face, the alliterative effect of the harsh B sound expresses the fury and bitterness as she really wants to kill her rival and hurt her husband at the same time so he can remember her death forever. In conclusion to my essay, I feel that the poets studied here have portrayed their views through a wide range of techniques including political statements. In my opinion Porphyrias Lover and The Laboratory are similar as they both share the theme of death and obsession. On the other hand in, A Woman to her Lover, is more about breaking the social norm and standing up for your rights. Each poem has a unique tone and message but they do share some similar techniques.

Sunday, October 20, 2019

PEN IS MIGHTER THEN SWORD essays

PEN IS MIGHTER THEN SWORD essays There is one thing that is not taught in any school of journalism and yet, is a subject of vital concern. And that is a certain sensitivity towards the feelings of those who are written about. A reporting career comes with the ability to make or break that of others. Unlike sundry other jobs which revolve around machines or files or travel, journalists are constantly dealing with people and issues (which too touch lives). We hear, we take notes, we click pictures. But do we listen? The power to think, the power to speak, and the power to write have emerged as the 3 electrifying mantras for the managers of the new millennium. So gripped are they by the need to verbalize their ideas, experiences, and understanding that they do not mind spending extra hours and money in different communication workshops, classes and seminars. They are absolutely riveted by the sheer power of words. Its as though their survival, in a fiercely competitive world, has come to depend on their virtuosity in handling their communication ability through the correct use of verbal skills. Cervantes may have penned his pithy saying in a different set of conditions during the late 16th century Spain. But the veracity of his powerful sentence seems to have acquired a dimension of real importance today. Oral and written expression, two skills that a modern manager needs to possess, so as to be fully effective, can be improved by proper training. And for this, the new entrants to SIMSREE must begin to revise their skills from day one. They should be prepared to unlearn, learn and relearn in classroom and get tested for their knowledge and skills. Communicating in an organization is not an easy task to accomplish. Several factors influence it. The manner of delivering ones ideas is the communicators forte. Managers are expected to speak before groups of varied size, customize their written skills, and engage them ...

Saturday, October 19, 2019

Social Problems - Hotel Rwanda-indenify a social problem within the Essay

Social Problems - Hotel Rwanda-indenify a social problem within the movie - Essay Example century, and eventually the tension was so great that a full-fledged civil war broke out in 1994 and resulted in the deaths of almost a million people. Foreign aid was sent in to calm the situation, but a lack of crucial support meant that both the Hutu and the Tutsi people were forced to hide as refugees wherever they could find shelter from the rampaging armies. Hotel Rwanda is a movie that tells the true story of one man who lived through the war and realized that he could only rely on himself to save his own life and the lives of many other refugees. The movie takes place in the Rwandan capital of Kigali in 1994, just as the serious violence between the Hutus and Tutsis breaks out. The main character, Paul Rusesabagina, was the manager of the HÃ ´tel des Mille Collines in Kigali. Mille Collines means ‘thousand hills’ in French, the language of Rwanda’s Belgian colonizers, and the phrase is used as a direct reference to Rwanda itself – the land of a thousand hills. The movie is a very accurate depiction of the Rwandan conflict in 1994, and during the course of the film Paul Rusesabagina finds himself in an awkward position as a Hutu who doesn’t believe in politics or violence against the Tutsi. He first claims responsibility solely over himself and his family, but soon realizes that he is the only person who can save the lives of hundreds of families and children of both Tutsi and Hutu tribes who are being persecuted by armies on either side. His hotel becomes a place of refuge for over 1200 peo ple, and the only way to keep the ‘guests’ from being killed by the armies is to pretend that it is being run as usual for high-class, European paying guests. Paul does his best to keep the hotel running – he bribes military leaders with unlimited beer and scotch so that they will guard the gates of the establishment and keep the gun-wielding Hutu army and Tutsi rebels out of the building. At the outbreak of the conflict, UN forces are sent in and

Friday, October 18, 2019

Team Working Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Team Working - Essay Example As consent issues are a huge topic, it is paramount that the papers are correct. In keeping with my continuing education, I am required to attend classes, which focus on the specific topics. One week, I attended a lecture on patient consent and its issues. The team worked in accordance to plan. However, it should be noted, there were some changes of schedule that were helpful. It was interesting in considerations to light in regard to leadership and teamwork. The primary goal is to define competence. Conceptualizing competence in this author's eyes would involve three components of knowledge competency, skill competency and attitude competency. The descriptions of each denote the most effective components of leadership. The model presented offers this information and includes general education, knowledge and skills, experience, management knowledge and skills and professional contributions. In this relation, it should be mentioned that team worked accordingly. However, there were occasional problems but were negotiated well enough. There were occasional problems. There was one incident where someone did not attend. Under such conditions, it became very hard to meet ends. I emailed constantly until I got a response. It was frustrating but I persisted with my goal. I understand the ability to overcome challenges while working in a team under nursing parameters is a very important challenge it needs to overcome. The relation between the individual of the team and the team present in the team's plays a crucial role in not only expansion and development of the team however as well for quandary free performance as a whole. The emphasis should be on good relationships and sound terms and conditions of understanding between team members with consent of all the parties. Work Completed As per the graph presented, it is obvious that the major part of the job or data mining has been completed well within schedule and it can be stated that the job completed was satisfying. The main jobs done during this period were completion of literature review, collection of interviews and transcribe of interviews. There was enough information collected to start the process analysis. It did appear that the team had worked together and instrumented as unit. It is true that while working there was incidents of drift and fragmentations within the team. However, in the long run every student of the team realized that to yield effective and positive result it is required to approach the job on the plan that was chalked in the beginning. Thus, once the students understood the usefulness of team collaboration every aspect was placed accordingly. The main team strategy that was formulated can be identified as progress and check method. Here each student was scheduled to do a job that was further sub divided into parts. After the completion of each part there was a meeting among the students who would then evaluate the job done and pass a verdict whether it is needed to re do the part or not. In a way, this method of operation was tedious and slow. It can be stated that in future team presentation the students would approach in a different method. As a result, I feel that there is enough scope of improvement in the context of presentation strategy. It is my view that the students would

To what extent was the air campaign in Operation Iraqi Freedom a Essay

To what extent was the air campaign in Operation Iraqi Freedom a military success but a public relations failure - Essay Example It is proposed that the fall of the Soviet Union and the changing world order in the aftermath of the Cold War triggered a change in the international political framework, thereby altering the traditional theory of international relations as evidenced by Operation Desert Storm and Operation Iraqi Freedom (Schoenbaum, 2006, p.2). This further marked a turning point in US foreign policy objectives in the Middle East, which was cemented by the events of September 11. Moreover, Operation Desert Storm in particular fuelled a tactical change in the US military strategy with a move towards the Rapid Dominance and Shock and Awe tactics as applied in Operation Iraqi Freedom (Martel, 2007, p.248). However, whilst Ullman and Wade (1996) suggest that the Rapid Dominance and shock and awe doctrine was necessary to ensure strategic military success in conflict, the current instability in Iraq has fuelled debate as to the long term implications of the shock and awe doctrine, with many labelling Operation Iraqi Freedom a public relations failure (Griese, 2004, p.53). It is submitted that Operation Iraqi Freedom is a prime example of this as a foreseeable end to the current US war in Iraq remains precarious, leading to controversial justifications of necessary humanitarian interventions and post conflict peace building. Therefore, in considering the inherent conflict between the military success of the air campaign and the ensuing controversy over the US’ continued presence in Iraq, I shall firstly consider the shock and awe doctrine applied in Operation Iraqi Freedom in Section 2, followed by a contextual discussion of Operation Iraqi Freedom in impacting US public relations within the international political framework (Heath et al, 2009, p.89). In undertaking this discussion it is submitted at the outset that whilst in the short term the

Taxonomy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Taxonomy - Assignment Example As to the development of the fish, the armored fishes developed first, then followed by the jawless fishes, the cartilaginous and finally the bony fish. Lastly, when it comes to the development of their young, mammals can be monotremes, marsupials or placentals. The Phyla that Lack Organs and the Type of Symmetry They Have Among the nine phyla, those that lack organs include Phylum Porifera and Phylum Cnidaria. Phylum Porifera, to which the spongers belong, only have a cellular level of organization. Moreover, Phylum Cnidaria, to which the jellyfish and anemones belong, only have tissues and no organ systems. It is also interesting to note that members of the Phylum Porifera have no symmetry but Phylum Cnidaria have radial symmetry. (Audesirk & Audesirk, 2008) The Phyla that Show Cephalization Among the nine phyla, only six show cephalization. These are the Phylum Mollusca, Phylum, Arthropoda, Phylum Chordata, and the worms – Phylum Platyhelminthes, Phylum Nematoda, and Phylum Annelida. These members of these phyla have a distinct head. (Audesirk & Audesirk, 2008) The Phyla that Have Fewer than Three Germ Layers Not all organisms have the three germ layers. While all other phyla have the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm, it is Phylum Cnidaria that does not possess the mesoderm, thus it is called diploblastic. All the other phyla are called tripoblastic by virtue of their having all three germ layers. ... The chilopods and diplopods include all centipedes and millipedes respectively. The insects include dragonflies, butterflies, grasshoppers, crickets, cockroaches, termites, leafhoppers, beetles, bees, mosquitoes, fleas, ants and wasps. (Carter, 1997) The Differences among Fish from the Most Primitive to the Most Advanced The most primitive of fishes – the ostracoderms and placoderms – appeared from the Ordovician and Devonian periods. The ostracoderms were shell-skinned and had a bony plate external to their cartilaginous bodies. The head and upper torsos were covered with a bony armor plate and the back and lower half were cartilage. They also had spikes and a toothless jawless structure. On the other hand, the placoderms, which eventually replaced the ostracoderms, had an armor that covered the entirety of the head and a portion of the body as well. The only difference was that the placoderms had functional jaws, unlike the ostracoderms. (Arreola, 2005) The placoderms were eventually replaced by Class Agnatha, or the jawless fishes, such as lampreys and hagfish, which exist today. They have neither jaws nor a bony skeleton. The Class Chondrichthyes developed next. They have jaws but lack a bony skeleton. Members of this class include sharks and skates, all of which have cartilaginous skeleton and a skin with teeth-like denticles. Finally, the Class Osteichthyes, or the jawed bony fishes, developed last. These fish, with over 20,000 species all over the world, have protrusible jaws and calcified skeletons. (Buchheim, 2011) The Three Types of Mammals Based on How Their Young Develop The three types of mammals based on how their young develop include the monotremes, the marsupials and the placental mammals. The monotremes, which include

Thursday, October 17, 2019

Exploring the opportunites and challenges of Developing Islamic Dissertation

Exploring the opportunites and challenges of Developing Islamic Financial services in Seychelles - Dissertation Example I have read the University regulations concerning plagiarism. I am willing to allow The University of _______________ School of Management to use my dissertation as a sample for future students. Signed †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Date †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Abstract (This page intentionally left blank) CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW ______________________________________ The Republic of Seychelles comprises of approximately 100 islands located between 4 and 5 degrees south of the equator, with a longitude of between 55 and 56 degrees east (Kawaley, 1998, pp. 226 – 227). ... Britain was to administer the Seychelles island group from Mauritius until the year 1903, and it was during this time that the British resettled African slaves rescued from Arab slave traders on these islands. Thus, today the Seychelles islands present a melting pot of many races, including mixed French, African, Indian, Chinese, and Arab with the tourism sector playing a leading role in economic growth together with commercial fishing (CIA, 2012). The official language of the Seychelles is English, but the use of the Creole language comes naturally to approximately 91.8% of the more than 90,024 inhabitants of these islands who live on an area of about 455 sq. km, which is 2.5 times the size of Washington DC, enclosed by a coastline that is 491 km in length. Seychelles was to become an independent nation in the year 1976, and Seychelles now exists as an Independent Republic with a democratically elected government within the British Commonwealth. The Figures below depict the relative geographic position of the Seychelles together with the more prominent islands in the Seychelles island group. According to CIA (2012), Seychelles has succeeded in expanding its per-capita output to approximately US$ 25,000 from a near-subsistence level at the time of independence, and this is a remarkable achievement for a country located near Africa. The tourism sector is the leading hard-currency earner, contributing nearly 70% to the foreign exchange earnings, but Seychelles has tried to diversify its export base to include farming, fishing, and small-scale manufacturing. It is important to note that Seychelles competes with Comoros, Madagascar and Mauritius to attract tourists and this means that competition exists in tourism. However,

Compare the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice and the Essay

Compare the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice and the Permanent Court of Arbitration in the resolution of Inter - Essay Example The PCA was a precursor to all the other international institutions formed to resolve international disputes, including the International Court of Justice (ICJ) formed in 1945 under the convention of the United Nations. Arbitration, which has turned into a hugely popular process in the last 50 years for commercial dispute settlement is widely accepted amongst the various states worldwide that regularly enforce the resolution awarded by the court of arbitration. However, the ICJ and the scores of other similar tribunal bodies created by the states have not become popular, and their rulings are not widely accepted by the various states. Despite the popularity of the arbitration body, both the institutions (PCA and ICJ) face criticism from the experts, while observations reveal that a lack of enforcement of the awarded statements remains a major problem for both the bodies. In this context, the article will examine the differences in the jurisdictions of PCA and the IJC in the resolutio n of International Investments/Commercial Disputes. It will study various texts to identify the problems associated with these international legal bodies especially created for resolving global commercial problems. The jurisdictions of the International Court of Justice and the Permanent Court of Arbitration in the resolution of International Investments/Commercial Disputes 1 Introduction Traditionally the jurisdictions of courts depend primarily on the consent of the contending parties. The first famous commercial dispute case was seen in the 19th century during the US civil war, where consent was forwarded by Britain. Here we find that US had submitted the ‘Alabama Claims’ under the jurisdiction of arbitration.1 This claim centred on the activities of a particular ship named The Alabama, built by an English shipyard and later sold to the Confederates, during the civil war. Here U.S. felt that Britain had contravened the neutrality rules, and it claimed compensation un der the Three Rules of Washington for the losses suffered by its army when the Confederacy used The Alabama. In this case, under arbitration, the verdict went against Britain, whereupon the state took a political decision to accept the indictment, as awarded by arbitration. This process of submission to arbitration to solve a dispute that was transnational in nature and the manner of resolution encouraged other states to also start using arbitration, which finally led to the formation of the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA). During the initial years, a large number of inter-State disputes came under the various tribunals established under PCA.2 Since PCA was primarily established to resolve disputes between the states, all its initial tribunals were asked to decide on disputes related to matters on public international legal issues like treaty implications, state duties, and territorial sovereignty. Many of the principles formed during these early years still hold good as intern ational laws, often given as a reference by other international bodies,

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

Taxonomy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Taxonomy - Assignment Example As to the development of the fish, the armored fishes developed first, then followed by the jawless fishes, the cartilaginous and finally the bony fish. Lastly, when it comes to the development of their young, mammals can be monotremes, marsupials or placentals. The Phyla that Lack Organs and the Type of Symmetry They Have Among the nine phyla, those that lack organs include Phylum Porifera and Phylum Cnidaria. Phylum Porifera, to which the spongers belong, only have a cellular level of organization. Moreover, Phylum Cnidaria, to which the jellyfish and anemones belong, only have tissues and no organ systems. It is also interesting to note that members of the Phylum Porifera have no symmetry but Phylum Cnidaria have radial symmetry. (Audesirk & Audesirk, 2008) The Phyla that Show Cephalization Among the nine phyla, only six show cephalization. These are the Phylum Mollusca, Phylum, Arthropoda, Phylum Chordata, and the worms – Phylum Platyhelminthes, Phylum Nematoda, and Phylum Annelida. These members of these phyla have a distinct head. (Audesirk & Audesirk, 2008) The Phyla that Have Fewer than Three Germ Layers Not all organisms have the three germ layers. While all other phyla have the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm, it is Phylum Cnidaria that does not possess the mesoderm, thus it is called diploblastic. All the other phyla are called tripoblastic by virtue of their having all three germ layers. ... The chilopods and diplopods include all centipedes and millipedes respectively. The insects include dragonflies, butterflies, grasshoppers, crickets, cockroaches, termites, leafhoppers, beetles, bees, mosquitoes, fleas, ants and wasps. (Carter, 1997) The Differences among Fish from the Most Primitive to the Most Advanced The most primitive of fishes – the ostracoderms and placoderms – appeared from the Ordovician and Devonian periods. The ostracoderms were shell-skinned and had a bony plate external to their cartilaginous bodies. The head and upper torsos were covered with a bony armor plate and the back and lower half were cartilage. They also had spikes and a toothless jawless structure. On the other hand, the placoderms, which eventually replaced the ostracoderms, had an armor that covered the entirety of the head and a portion of the body as well. The only difference was that the placoderms had functional jaws, unlike the ostracoderms. (Arreola, 2005) The placoderms were eventually replaced by Class Agnatha, or the jawless fishes, such as lampreys and hagfish, which exist today. They have neither jaws nor a bony skeleton. The Class Chondrichthyes developed next. They have jaws but lack a bony skeleton. Members of this class include sharks and skates, all of which have cartilaginous skeleton and a skin with teeth-like denticles. Finally, the Class Osteichthyes, or the jawed bony fishes, developed last. These fish, with over 20,000 species all over the world, have protrusible jaws and calcified skeletons. (Buchheim, 2011) The Three Types of Mammals Based on How Their Young Develop The three types of mammals based on how their young develop include the monotremes, the marsupials and the placental mammals. The monotremes, which include

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

Compare the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice and the Essay

Compare the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice and the Permanent Court of Arbitration in the resolution of Inter - Essay Example The PCA was a precursor to all the other international institutions formed to resolve international disputes, including the International Court of Justice (ICJ) formed in 1945 under the convention of the United Nations. Arbitration, which has turned into a hugely popular process in the last 50 years for commercial dispute settlement is widely accepted amongst the various states worldwide that regularly enforce the resolution awarded by the court of arbitration. However, the ICJ and the scores of other similar tribunal bodies created by the states have not become popular, and their rulings are not widely accepted by the various states. Despite the popularity of the arbitration body, both the institutions (PCA and ICJ) face criticism from the experts, while observations reveal that a lack of enforcement of the awarded statements remains a major problem for both the bodies. In this context, the article will examine the differences in the jurisdictions of PCA and the IJC in the resolutio n of International Investments/Commercial Disputes. It will study various texts to identify the problems associated with these international legal bodies especially created for resolving global commercial problems. The jurisdictions of the International Court of Justice and the Permanent Court of Arbitration in the resolution of International Investments/Commercial Disputes 1 Introduction Traditionally the jurisdictions of courts depend primarily on the consent of the contending parties. The first famous commercial dispute case was seen in the 19th century during the US civil war, where consent was forwarded by Britain. Here we find that US had submitted the ‘Alabama Claims’ under the jurisdiction of arbitration.1 This claim centred on the activities of a particular ship named The Alabama, built by an English shipyard and later sold to the Confederates, during the civil war. Here U.S. felt that Britain had contravened the neutrality rules, and it claimed compensation un der the Three Rules of Washington for the losses suffered by its army when the Confederacy used The Alabama. In this case, under arbitration, the verdict went against Britain, whereupon the state took a political decision to accept the indictment, as awarded by arbitration. This process of submission to arbitration to solve a dispute that was transnational in nature and the manner of resolution encouraged other states to also start using arbitration, which finally led to the formation of the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA). During the initial years, a large number of inter-State disputes came under the various tribunals established under PCA.2 Since PCA was primarily established to resolve disputes between the states, all its initial tribunals were asked to decide on disputes related to matters on public international legal issues like treaty implications, state duties, and territorial sovereignty. Many of the principles formed during these early years still hold good as intern ational laws, often given as a reference by other international bodies,

History of Japanese Painting Odano Naotake Essay Example for Free

History of Japanese Painting Odano Naotake Essay Odano Naotake (1759 – 1780) was a painter from the Akita Ranga art school. This art school was a by-product of the ‘rangaku’, the ‘Dutch learning’. Rangaku was an important movement in eighteenth-century Japan. It is the study of Holland and the Dutch during the time that the Dutch trade post on Desjima the only connection was with the outside world and the west. Through this contact, Japan stayed informed about Western developments, such as health care and other technologies. This made Japan capable of fast modernization after the opening of the country in 1854. The Rangaku painters painted traditional Japanese themes with the use of Western techniques. The difference from the traditional paintings was the use of shadows, perspective and reflections. The painters also started using the color blue for the sky and sea. Naotake was also influenced by this new intellectual movement through Hiraga Gennai, a natural scientist and student of the Rangaky. He inspired Naotake to study these new Western painting methods as well. He moved to Edo (Tokyo) to continue his studies there. Through contacts with other painters, Naotake mastered the painting of ‘bird and flower’, which is a traditional Jananese style painting with the use of Western perspective and depth. These methods brought these paintings to a higher level, more than just decorations. Naotake also illustrated Japan’s first anatomy book, the Kaitai shinsho. This book was a Japanese translation of the Dutch book â€Å"Ontleedkundige Tafelen†, which was imported from Holland. Together with Gennai and Lord Satake Shozan (1748-85), Naotake started the Akita Ranga school of Art. When Gennai was arrested for killing a student and died shortly afterwards, Naotake was send away from his post in Edo. These developments made the school fall apart. ? Works Cited Johnson, H. Western Influence of Japanese Art: The Akita Ranga Art School. Amsterdam: Hotei Publishing, 2005.

Monday, October 14, 2019

PESTEL Analysis of ADMAC

PESTEL Analysis of ADMAC A PESTEL analysis is a business measurement tool. PESTEL is a short form for Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environment and Legislative factors, which are used to assess the market for a business or organisational unit. The PESTEL analysis is a useful tool for understanding the environmental influences in which organisation are operating, and the opportunities and threats that lie within it. By understanding the environment in which is operating can take advantage of the opportunities and minimise the threats. Specifically the PESTLE analysis is a useful tool for understanding risks associated with market growth or decline, and as such the position, potential and direction for a business or organisation. PESTLE analysis is in effect an audit of an organisations environmental influences with the purpose of using this information to guide strategic decision making. The assumption is that if the organisation is able to audit its current environment and assess potential changes, it will be better placed than its competitors to respond to changes. PESTLE analysis can be used for business and strategic planning, marketing planning, organisational change, business and product development and research reports. To be effective a PESTLE needs to be undertaken on a regular basis. Organisations that do analyses regularly and systematically often spot trends before others thus providing competitive advantage. The Purpose and Function of PESTEL Analysis The purpose of the PESTEL analysis to assess the industry which and company is in. The analysis is to help make decisions and to plan for future events which they operate in the organisation. In addition PESTEL analysis helps to understand the limited influence or impact and all factors that influence an organisation but are out of its direct control. An organisation on its own cannot affect these factors, nor can these factors directly affect the profitability of an organisation. But by understanding these environments, it is possible to take the advantage to maximise the opportunities and minimise the threats to the organisation. Businesses need to take a pro-active approach and be ahead of these changes, rather than hurriedly making alterations to products and processes in a reactive way. This can be achieved through a PESTEL analysis, i.e. an investigation of the Political, Economic, Social, Technological and Legal influences on a business. These forces are continually in a state of change. Political factors are how and to what degree a government intervenes in the economy. Political changes are closely tied up with legal changes and it continually being updated in a wide range of areas. Specifically, political factors include areas such as tax policy, environmental regulations, trade restrictions and reform, tariffs, and political stability. Political factors may also include Social and employment legislation and it will provide information about potential opportunities and threats around labour changes, for example skills shortages. Economic changes are closely related to social ones. The economy goes through a series of fluctuations associated with general booms and slumps in economic activity. In a boom nearly all businesses benefit and in a slump most lose out. Other economic changes that affect business include interest rate, exchange rates and the rate of inflation. In addition Stage of business cycle, Unemployment and labour supply, Labour costs likely changes in the economic environment. These factors have major impacts on how businesses operate and make decisions. Businesses will be more encouraged to expand and take risks when economic conditions are right. For example low interest rates and rising demand. Social factors include health consciousness and include the cultural aspects, career attitudes, population growth rate, age distribution and emphasis on safety. A major component of this is a change in consumer behaviour resulting from changes in fashions and styles. Trends in social factors affect the demand for an organisations products and how that organisation operates. Technological factors include technological aspects such as reduction in communications costs and increased remote working, automation and Impact of Internet. New technologies are continually being developed and the rate of change itself is increasing. The creation of databases and electronic communications have enabled vast quantities of information to be shared and quickly distributed in a modern company enabling vast cost reductions, and often improvements in service. They can determine barriers to entry, minimum efficient production level and influence outsourcing decisions. Furthermore, technological shifts can affect costs, quality, and lead to innovation. Environmental factors include ecological and environmental aspects such as weather, climate, and climate change, which may especially affect industries such as tourism, farming, and insurance. Furthermore, growing awareness of the potential impacts of climate change is affecting how companies operate and the products they offer, both creating new markets and diminishing or destroying existing ones. Legal factors include discrimination law, consumer law, antitrust law, labour law, and health and safety law. These factors can affect how a company operates, its costs, and the demand for its products. In addition this may impact access to materials, quotas, resources, taxation imports and exports etc. Discussion of most pressing issues of company currently facing on ADMAC is the well reputed Real Estate Management and construction company in UAE. Over the past 30years the company successfully completed number of real estate residential projects in UAE. Due to nature of the ADMAC with particular reference to how it has running itself and the current economic climate the assessment of external factors by a PESTEL analysis has been crucial in ADMAC success. This is becourse ADMAC has taken into account the implication for consumers, employees, associated organisation and the company mission statement. Each external factor would have been and continues to be examined and categorised in terms of whether its implication is negative or positive large or minor significance, continues impact so on. Whether the scanning of ADMAC, economy downturn in UAE is most pressing issue of the company has faced. Following discussion is to explain how it impacts the company. Past recent years there was economy boom at UAE, more development projects, infrastructure projects and real estate project was started and huge amount of money was invested. The sharp increase in construction, along with other key factors, has meant the industry was seeing a lack of skilled and unskilled construction staff. The demand for certain categories of employees and skill is also influenced by changes in social structure in an economy. Firms employing in construction have greatly enhanced the worth of technicians, surveyors and engineers during the last couple of years. In that time the firms are offer generally high salaries and wages due to competition of workforce of industry. The boom of economy now over, while the present it going to down little by little, therefore the climate of economic and labour market in UAE is low. Companies operating in fields like ADMAC have compelled to reduce their workforce due to high competition and short of new real estate construction projects. ADMAC have maintained excess workforce up to now but still excess labour turnover creates unnecessary expense and reduces efficiency to the firms. In some situations even after implementing some of the cost saving initiatives, redundancies can still become inevitable and this can pose significant challenges for an employer as many complex issues need to be address including legal, compensation, natural turnover of workers of the company and future economic changes of the region. Most property markets are certainly influenced by the forces of supply and demand. In the economy boom time thousands of new residents and workers are arriving in UAE causing demand for property to increase. In that time, many firms like ADMAC were having more than enough real estate construction projects. Unfortunately economy is now downturn, therefore many residential properties are not rented out or relinquish. The result of that is either ADMAC or other firms in the field are unable to get value for money from the residential properties where they were invested. On present economy climate of UAE, the investors are not investing a new residential project. Therefore competition between contractors are high due shortage of residential project. As a result ADMAC used to reduce their profit and risk markups to win the new contracts. In this reason the company profitability is squeezed or some financial losses due to unexpected risk in the construction. The above impacts are currently most pressing issue of ADMAC and those are occurring company financially unstable. 4.1.0 Example of PESTEL. POLITICAL The UAE Government has established a Federal Real Estate Regulatory Authority in order to co-ordinate regulatory efforts at the local and federal level. [source: EstateDubai.com] The main concern of the authority is about foreign property developers, who wholly finance their projects from local banks, without sufficient capital. Some foreign developers even depend on the local banks for complete funding, putting the lenders at risk of losing their finances, when the developer fails to complete their projects, or flee the country, leaving behind a huge debt. The government intention a regulation is to limit the finance being made available to foreign developers, who do not have a stake in the capital of their projects. So that regulation is help to keep real estate sector safe during the recession time. Over the last few years the UAEs real estate property market seen remarkable growth. The local burgeoning real estate property industry is anchoring the UAE governments economic diversification efforts. Favourable government policy frameworks and active participation of private sector have facilitated one of the worlds most desirable economy environments in terms of investments and revenue generation. Further, population growth, rapidly increasing economy, progressing service sector and promising travel and tourism sectors, rising purchasing power and strong consumer confidence are driving the industry. The modern shopping malls anchoring modern hypermarkets, highly developed free trade zones, shopping events and relaxed tax provision provide auxiliary growth thrust to the real estate sector. ECONOMY Economic conditions are influenced by political and government policy, being a major influence affecting government decisions. The UAEs central bank was keeping interest rates low to encourage economy growth in the country during the recession time. [www.arabianbusiness.com]. Interest rates play an important role in real estate activity. High interest rates tend to freeze the real estate market. If the interest rates are low, housing is more affordable and also is encourage homeowners to upgrade their houses. This will increase the demand of Real Estate market. In other hand interest rates affect the cost of capital and therefore to what extent a business grows and expands, it will be attractive for company to invest and grow with expectations of being profitable. Oil Company in UAE has decided to increase petrol prices by 11% which is highest percentage of gulf region.[source: Khaleej Times]. This price hike of the construction materials is attributed to the increase in fuel prices as they have directly impacted the construction and transportation costs, thus having a multiplied effects and a significant decrease in profit margins of the company. SOCIAL The UAE is very receptive to inflows of educated skilled people. The expatriate community is one of the largest in the world. However, for the most part the process for obtaining a visa is very simple and most applications are accepted. In this reason, UAE construction and real estate sector not expecting shortage of skilled workforce in the country near future. The UAE is a traditional Muslim country where the teaching of Islam plays a vital role in every aspect of life. From politics to education, from business to foreign relations, people look to Islam for direction. Thus the women have many more restriction as per their traditional teaching. Although, the society is slowly accepting women in the workplace. According to recent reports, now more than ever women are entering the workforce and even starting their own businesses, which is a significant improvement considering the restrictions women face. For the construction sector, women of the UAE and their continuing advancement mean a potential market with wide possibilities. TECHNOLOGY Technology is widely recognised by on strategic management as part of the organization and the industry part of the model as it is used for the creation of competitive advantage. Today, this means using computers wherever possible is to be easy organisation work process. Keep detailed record that can be accessed immediately, make financial transaction faster. Maintain the necessary level of stock factories or retail outlets or speed up communication via the Internet and emails. The effectiveness of companys advertising, marketing and promotional programs. The new technology of internet and television which use special effects for advertising through media. They make some products look attractive. ENVIRONMENT UAE new infrastructure facilitate plan including high speed metro projects and road project interconnecting with seven emirates will foster higher development and maturity in the real estate market. The prices of properties located close to metro stations and bus stations are already beginning to rise, marking the first signs of a transportation plan effect on the property market. The trend implies that with just three months left for the opening of Metros Red Line, home buyers are already beginning to take into consideration the ease of transport when choosing their home. This is a positive sign for real estate market, which has had a difficult year with the prices of flats and villas. One of the main reasons UAE is gaining popularity and attracting investors and visitors is the attractions it has to offer. Here the sun shines all around the year and the city offers a taste of exotic and exiting pleasures to all its visitors, irrespective of their age. All the modern facilities and infrastructure of the west combined with eastern hospitality and local customs make one feel like home in UAE. This has led to many people migrating here for work and living in the mild weathered heaven. This increased the demand for real estate and property and renowned developers and builders stepped in to adorn UAE with the worlds most exciting towers, shopping plazas, residential duplexes and business complexes. [source :BuyDubaiproperty] LEGAL Legislations pertaining to issuance of permanent resident status for foreigners purchasing a freehold property in select housing projects will further strengthen the real estate market in UAE. Recently, UAE government reviewing their property market regulation to assess the impact of the global financial crisis on current economy climate in the country, which has been hit due to an outflow of capital. According to the Gulf news The UAE federal government is reviewing the issue of freehold property visas linked to foreigners ownership of properties in different emirates. It is positive news and will bring a lot of faith and confidence in the market and freehold visas is to attract foreign investors to real estate sector in UAE. Mortgage Law No 14 for 2008, legalizing the housing finance sector in a 35-article law includes all procedures concerning a mortgage and its legal effects on the concerned bodies, as well as execution procedures on the mortgaged property, and the relations between the mortgage lender and borrower based on international best practices. The law will help better regulate the emirates growing real estate market, partly tainted by project delays and corruption probes. The law stipulates that mortgage contracts be registered with the Land Department, specifying the size of the loan, the repayment period and the value of the property. The law makes all mortgage deals that are not registered with the Land Department null and void, allowing the department to better regulate property and mortgage transactions. The law also requires that mortgages taken out on properties be sold by registered financial institutions, and be insured. It also regulates relations between both parties involved in the mortgage process, and the Land Department, which is responsible for implementing the law and ensuring the rights of both parties. Under the law, mortgage lender shall be a bank, financial institution or a finance company licensed by the UAE Central Bank to practice the activity of property finance. The law will definitely boost investor confidence in the real estate market of Dubai and expand the housing finance sector. 6.0.0 Conclusion Business planning at planned levels is a continuing process by which the long-term objectives of a company may be formulated, and subsequently attained, by means of long-terms planning actions designed to make their impact on the company as a whole. Corporate planning also involves deciding the policies of the company in pursuit of its objectives. Thus business aims and ethical considerations are brought together. PESTEL analysis looks at the external environment influence and is an appropriate strategic tool for understanding the environment in which business operates, enabling the company to take advantage of the opportunities and minimise the threats faced by their business activities. When strategic planning is done correctly, it provides a solid plan for a company to grow into the future. With a PESTEL analysis, the company can see a future of time, and be able to clarify strategic opportunities and threats that the organisation faces. By looking to the external environment to see the potential forces of change looming on the future, firms can take the strategic planning process out of the field of today and into the future.